{"id":390,"date":"2020-05-11T08:06:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T06:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/public.kvcso.cz\/?p=390"},"modified":"2020-05-06T21:36:50","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T19:36:50","slug":"jak-na-clil-ve-vyuce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/?p=390","title":{"rendered":"Jak na CLIL ve v\u00fduce"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Metodu CLIL, nebo-li integrovanou v\u00fduku ciz\u00edho jazyka a jin\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu, u\u017e asi nen\u00ed nutno bl\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat, nebo\u0165 se st\u00e1v\u00e1 na mnoha \u0161kol\u00e1ch b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fduky. Nejinak tomu je na na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole, kdy jsme metodu za\u010dali uplat\u0148ovat p\u0159ed t\u0159emi lety v r\u00e1mci \u0160ablon. Celkem se do projektov\u00e9 aktivity zapojilo 7 u\u010ditel\u016f nejazykov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f (fyzika, matematika (2), zem\u011bpis, chemie, biologie, hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchova) a dva lekto\u0159i n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho a anglick\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Implementace CLILu do v\u00fduky se v\u011bt\u0161inou setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed ned\u016fv\u011brou. Pedagogov\u00e9 si \u010dasto kladou ot\u00e1zky typu: Budou moje jazykov\u00e9 znalosti sta\u010dit? M\u00e1m na to? Troufnu si p\u0159edstoupit p\u0159ed t\u0159\u00eddu a promluvit ciz\u00edm jazykem? Budou nov\u00e9 postupy dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9 pro v\u00fduku m\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu? Jak to p\u0159ijmou \u017e\u00e1ci, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b rodi\u010de?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na na\u0161em gymn\u00e1ziu se do projektu zapojili vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskali sv\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 znalosti v zahrani\u010d\u00ed b\u011bhem studia, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b letn\u00ed brig\u00e1dy, nebo samostudiem, v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich ale dlouhodob\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvuje jazykov\u00e9 kurzy po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 Krajsk\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm centrem se s\u00eddlem v na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole. U\u010ditelem v CLILu se v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t pedagog s aprobac\u00ed jazyka a jin\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu nebo u\u010ditel s jazykovou \u00farovn\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b B1+.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V r\u00e1mci \u0160ablon je vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm poskytov\u00e1na odborn\u00e1 pomoc s jazykovou p\u0159\u00edpravou. B\u011bhem jednoho \u0161koln\u00edho roku absolvuj\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fduku s lektorem, kter\u00fd jim pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nap\u0159. se sestaven\u00edm jazykov\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku, s upevn\u011bn\u00edm v\u00fdslovnosti, s p\u0159\u00edpravou jednotliv\u00fdch aktivit, s instrukcemi v ciz\u00edm jazyce, s organizac\u00ed v\u00fduky \u010di \u010dasov\u00fdm rozvr\u017een\u00edm. D\u00edky tomu pedagogov\u00e9 dostanou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sebejistotu ve sv\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 vybavenosti. V dal\u0161\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm roce p\u0159iprav\u00ed vlastn\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 aktivity ve sv\u00e9m p\u0159edm\u011btu, kter\u00e9 za\u0159ad\u00ed do v\u00fduky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed metodologie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Existuj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed metodologie, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuj\u00ed r\u016fznou \u00farove\u0148 zapojen\u00ed ciz\u00edho jazyka:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed obsah ciz\u00edho jazyka je zam\u011b\u0159en na slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu tematicky spojenou s nejazykov\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem. Osvojov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010diva a formulov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f nejazykov\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu je vedeno v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b. Pokyny na hodin\u011b jsou st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b v \u010desk\u00e9m a ciz\u00edm jazyce.<\/li>
  2. Osvojov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010diva a formulov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f nejazykov\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu je vedeno v \u010desk\u00e9m jazyce, informace hledaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci v cizojazy\u010dn\u00e9m textu, odpov\u011bdi \u017e\u00e1ci formuluj\u00ed \u010desky. Pokyny na hodin\u011b jsou v ciz\u00edm jazyce. Gramatick\u00e9 jevy, slovn\u00ed obraty, jazykov\u00e9 styly a textov\u00e9 \u00fatvary ciz\u00edho jazyka u\u010ditel vysv\u011btluje \u010desky.<\/li>
  3. Osvojov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010diva a formulov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f nejazykov\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu je vedeno v ciz\u00edm jazyce, \u017e\u00e1ci odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed v \u010desk\u00e9m i v ciz\u00edm jazyce, materi\u00e1ly mohou vyhled\u00e1vat v obou jazyc\u00edch. Gramatick\u00e9 jevy ciz\u00edho jazyka vysv\u011btluje u\u010ditel \u010desky i v ciz\u00edm jazyce, se slovn\u00edmi obraty, jazykov\u00fdmi styly a textov\u00fdmi \u00fatvary seznamuje \u017e\u00e1ky v ciz\u00edm jazyce, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b objasn\u00ed v mate\u0159\u0161tin\u011b.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Nen\u00ed tedy nutn\u00e9 v\u00e9st celou hodinu cizojazy\u010dn\u011b, v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jde o tzv. HARD CLIL. Co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159edm\u011bt nebo u\u010debn\u00ed pl\u00e1n p\u0159edm\u011btu je vyu\u010dov\u00e1n v ciz\u00edm jazyce. Hlavn\u00edm smyslem je ale obsahov\u00fd c\u00edl<\/strong>, nikoli jazyk, zat\u00edmco v takzvan\u00e9 m\u011bkk\u00e9 form\u011b (SOFT) CLIL je obsah p\u0159edm\u011btu pod\u0159\u00edzen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    N\u011bkolik aplikovan\u00fdch metod z praxe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Za\u0159azen\u00ed pouze instrukc\u00ed do nejazykov\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu, kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 hern\u00ed aktivity (nap\u0159. v biologii kolob\u011bh vody). Jednotliv\u00e9 f\u00e1ze kolob\u011bhu vody jsou zpracov\u00e1ny graficky na pap\u00edrech rozv\u011b\u0161en\u00fdch po t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, \u017e\u00e1ci pomoc\u00ed running dictation<\/strong> (b\u011b\u017eeck\u00fd dikt\u00e1t) ve dvojic\u00edch nebo ve skupin\u00e1ch, kdy je jeden zapisovatel, ostatn\u00ed mu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed informace, mus\u00ed d\u00e1t cel\u00fd kolob\u011bh dohromady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tzv. language showers<\/strong> (jazykov\u00e9 sprchy), co\u017e jsou jazykov\u00e9 vstupy. Jednotliv\u00e9 denn\u00ed aktivity t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch t\u00e9mat v angli\u010dtin\u011b, v hodin\u00e1ch zem\u011bpisu \u2013 popis aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed, pr\u00e1ce s kalend\u00e1\u0159em.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kooperativn\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed <\/strong>– pr\u00e1ce s textem, nap\u0159. v hodin\u00e1ch chemie (charakteristika, v\u00fdskyt, vyu\u017eit\u00ed, vlastnost\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 skupiny chemick\u00fdch prvk\u016f jsou zahrnuty v textu, ve skupin\u011b si \u017e\u00e1ci jednotliv\u00e9 okruhy rozd\u011bl\u00ed a odch\u00e1zej\u00ed do jin\u00e9 skupiny, kam p\u0159edaj\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 informace \u010dlen\u016fm dal\u0161\u00ed skupiny).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Velmi efektivn\u00ed a \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na je pr\u00e1ce ve dvojic\u00edch <\/strong>nebo skupin\u00e1ch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1ce ve dvojic\u00edch \u2013 information gaps<\/strong> (v\u00fdm\u011bna chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed), jeden \u017e\u00e1k z dvojice m\u00e1 k dispozici obr\u00e1zek bakterie s popisky v ciz\u00edm jazyce, jeho \u00fakolem je popsat obr\u00e1zek druh\u00e9mu \u017e\u00e1kovi tak, aby ho co nejl\u00e9pe p\u0159ekreslil, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b doplnil chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed informace. Podobn\u00e1 aktivita z hodiny hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchovy \u2013 \u017e\u00e1ci maj\u00ed tabulku s \u00fadaji o skladateli (jm\u00e9no, n\u00e1rodnost, n\u00e1zev d\u00edla, forma, styl), n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u00fadaje chyb\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1ci tvo\u0159\u00ed ot\u00e1zky v ciz\u00edm jazyce, aby si doplnili chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed informace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Vyu\u017eit\u00ed mind maps<\/strong> (my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 mapy), uplatn\u011bn\u00ed prakticky ve v\u0161ech p\u0159edm\u011btech, nap\u0159. v hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchov\u011b \u2013 na t\u00e9ma hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Aktivita sorting<\/strong> (t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed informac\u00ed), nap\u0159. v biologii 3 sloupce \u2013 tepny, \u017e\u00edly, vl\u00e1se\u010dnice. Rozt\u0159\u00edhan\u00e9 v\u011bty obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed jejich charakteristiku, \u017e\u00e1ci je mus\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159i\u0159adit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Odd one out<\/strong> (nehod\u00edc\u00ed se vy\u0159a\u010f) \u2013 v matematice nap\u0159. logick\u00e9 v\u00fdroky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Snake<\/strong> (had) princip domina, \u017e\u00e1ci p\u0159ikl\u00e1daj\u00ed karti\u010dky obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed dv\u011b informace za sebe tak, aby na sebe logicky navazovaly. Nap\u0159. v hodin\u011b zem\u011bpisu: Amazonie \u2013 n\u00e1zev tropick\u00e9ho pralesa v ji\u017en\u00ed Americe \/ Braz\u00edlie \u2013 zem\u011b, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed de\u0161tn\u00fd prales\/rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 podneb\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Role play<\/strong> (zaujmi roli), nap\u0159. v hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchov\u011b \u2013 \u017e\u00e1ci tvo\u0159en\u00edm ot\u00e1zek h\u00e1daj\u00ed skladatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s textem se nab\u00edz\u00ed mnoho r\u016fznorod\u00fdch aktivit (spojov\u00e1n\u00ed definic s charakteristikou, dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed slov do textu, vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby ve slovn\u00edku, anagramy, p\u0159eh\u00e1zen\u00e9 v\u011bty v textu, dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed nadpis\u016f k odstavc\u016fm apod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Nejv\u00edce n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 je pro pedagoga rozvr\u017een\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 dotace jednotliv\u00fdch aktivit. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to v po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch v neodhadnut\u00ed pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, \u010di n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti jednotliv\u00fdch aktivit. Od toho je tu pr\u00e1v\u011b pomoc lektora ide\u00e1ln\u011b vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho stejn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sv\u00e9mu kolegovi spr\u00e1vn\u011b poradit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ohlasy z \u0159ad pedagog\u016f jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b kladn\u00e9, d\u011bti bav\u00ed v\u0161e, co je nov\u00e9, co je pro n\u011b motivuj\u00edc\u00ed, mohou si navz\u00e1jem pom\u00e1hat. CLIL vede k opravdov\u00e9 komunikaci, \u017e\u00e1ci si rozv\u00edjej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 u\u010debn\u00ed strategie a u\u010ditel\u00e9 si zvy\u0161uj\u00ed svoj\u00ed jazykovou \u00farove\u0148, zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed datab\u00e1ze s v\u00fdukov\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly v ciz\u00edm jazyce, maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed chu\u0165 zapojit se mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch projekt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Autorka: Zuzana \u0160teklov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Metodu CLIL, nebo-li integrovanou v\u00fduku ciz\u00edho jazyka a jin\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu, u\u017e asi nen\u00ed nutno bl\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat, nebo\u0165 se st\u00e1v\u00e1 na mnoha \u0161kol\u00e1ch b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fduky. Nejinak tomu je na na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole, kdy jsme metodu za\u010dali uplat\u0148ovat p\u0159ed t\u0159emi lety v r\u00e1mci \u0160ablon. Celkem se do projektov\u00e9 aktivity zapojilo 7 u\u010ditel\u016f nejazykov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f (fyzika, matematika (2),…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[77,27],"class_list":["post-390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sekce-jazyku","tag-clil","tag-jazyky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=390"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":393,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions\/393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}