{"id":184,"date":"2014-10-01T15:07:00","date_gmt":"2014-10-01T13:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/public.kvcso.cz\/?p=184"},"modified":"2020-03-29T15:10:43","modified_gmt":"2020-03-29T13:10:43","slug":"abstraktni-malba-od-plenek-1-cast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/?p=184","title":{"rendered":"Abstraktn\u00ed malba od plenek? &#8211; 1. \u010d\u00e1st"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Vlastn\u00ed tvorba abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e budouc\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed expresi u d\u011bt\u00ed, abstrakce jim poskytuje um\u011bleckou svobodu k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch technik, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v\u00fdvoji koordinace ruky a oka i jemn\u00e9 motoriky, podporuje chu\u0165 experimentovat s barvami bez obav \u010di stresu, \u017ee jejich v\u00fdtvor mus\u00ed n\u011bco &#8222;p\u0159ipom\u00ednat&#8220;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Hodina v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy skon\u010dila, ale Vashti d\u00e1l sed\u011bla jako p\u0159ilepen\u00e1 ke sv\u00e9 \u017eidli. Jej\u00ed pap\u00edr byl PR\u00c1ZDN\u00dd. Jej\u00ed u\u010ditelka se sklonila nad pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdm pap\u00edrem a \u0159ekla: &#8222;Ach, pol\u00e1rn\u00ed medv\u011bd ve v\u00e1nici!&#8220;<br>&#8222;Velmi vtipn\u00e9,&#8220; odpov\u011bd\u011bla Vashti na\u0161tvan\u011b, &#8222;prost\u011b neum\u00edm kreslit!&#8220;<br>&#8222;Prost\u011b ud\u011blej zna\u010dku a uvid\u00ed\u0161, kam t\u011b to dovede,&#8220; usm\u00e1la se u\u010ditelka.<br>Vashti popadla fix, vztekle a siln\u011b ho zabodla do pap\u00edru.<br>&#8222;No vida,&#8220; u\u010ditelka sebrala pap\u00edr a pe\u010dliv\u011b a dlouze ho studovala, &#8222;hmmm. Te\u010f to podepi\u0161.&#8220;<br>Za t\u00fdden, kdy\u017e Vashti ve\u0161la do v\u00fdtvarky, p\u0159ekvapilo ji, co to vis\u00ed zar\u00e1mov\u00e1no nad stolem pan\u00ed u\u010ditelky. Jej\u00ed hnusn\u00e1 mal\u00e1 te\u010dka!<br>&#8222;Hmmm,&#8220; \u0159ekla si, &#8222;um\u00edm ud\u011blat lep\u0161\u00ed te\u010dku, ne\u017e tohle.&#8220;<br>A otev\u0159ela vodovky a za\u010dala okam\u017eit\u011b pracovat. Namalovala mnoho a mnoho te\u010dek mnoha barev. Na \u0161koln\u00ed v\u00fdstav\u011b jej\u00ed te\u010dky ud\u011blaly tedy sakra dojem! Vashti si tam v\u0161imnula kluka, kter\u00fd na ni z\u00edral s obdivem.<br>&#8222;V\u00ed\u0161, ty jsi doopravdy skv\u011bl\u00e1 um\u011blkyn\u011b, Vashti, cht\u011bl bych um\u011bt malovat tak jako ty.&#8220;<br>&#8222;Vsad\u00edm se, \u017ee to um\u00ed\u0161,&#8220; \u0159ekla Vashti.<br>&#8222;J\u00c1? Ne, j\u00e1 ne, j\u00e1 neum\u00edm ani namalovat rovnou \u010d\u00e1ru podle prav\u00edtka.&#8220;<br>Vashti se usm\u00e1la a podala mu pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd kus pap\u00edru: &#8222;Tak mi to uka\u017e.&#8220;<br>Chlapcova tu\u017eka se t\u0159\u00e1sla, jak kreslil svou k\u0159ivou \u010d\u00e1ru. Vashti dlouho z\u00edrala na jeho klikyh\u00e1ky, a pak \u0159ekla&#8230;<br>&#8222;Podepi\u0161 to.&#8220;<br>(adaptov\u00e1no podle p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu &#8222;The Dot&#8220; od Petra H. Reynoldse)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Citovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh m\u00e1 svou spojitost s t\u00e9matem, se kter\u00fdm se v hodin\u00e1ch v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy u\u010ditel\u00e9 setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed opakovan\u011b nehled\u011b na v\u011bkovou kategorii \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. &#8222;Neum\u00edm kreslit.&#8220; &#8222;Nevypad\u00e1 to tak, jak jsem cht\u011bl.&#8220; &#8222;Nepodob\u00e1 se to tomu, co kresl\u00edm, nel\u00edb\u00ed se mi to.&#8220; &#8222;M\u016f\u017eu si rad\u0161i nechat napsat p\u011btku?&#8220; &#8222;Nem\u00e1m talent.&#8220; Z \u010deho vlastn\u011b plyne tenhle pocit a s n\u00edm spojen\u00e1 frustrace, nechu\u0165 \u010di nuda, se kterou n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci absolvuj\u00ed hodiny estetick\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednodu\u0161e: nejsou spokojeni se sv\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky, proto\u017ee se nepodobaj\u00ed tomu, co nakreslit cht\u011bli, nebo jak\u00e1 byla p\u016fvodn\u00ed p\u0159edstava v jejich hlav\u011b. Nemaj\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve vlastn\u00ed schopnosti a zru\u010dnost, nebo jsou zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1ni \u010di hodnoceni jen za p\u0159edpokladu jednoho krit\u00e9ria z mnoha mo\u017en\u00fdch, podle kter\u00fdch m\u016f\u017eeme hodnotit v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 d\u00edlo. Pro takov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuje z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lano, kter\u00e9 je vyt\u00e1hne zp\u011bt na palubu, na kter\u00e9 cestuj\u00ed inspirace a radost z vlastn\u00ed tvorby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0158\u00edkejme tomu lanu&nbsp;<strong>abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/metodik.kvcso.cz\/storage\/obrazky\/abstraktni_malba\/geometricke_tvary1a.jpg\" alt=\"Abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 pro d\u011bti v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed &#8211; aktivity, kter\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee doporu\u010duji, se daj\u00ed adaptovat pro v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupiny od d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho v\u011bku po st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly &#8211; i takto jednoduch\u00e9 aktivity mohou podpo\u0159it individu\u00e1ln\u00ed chu\u0165 k tvorb\u011b, z\u00e1jmu o kompozici, experimenty s barvami a vlastn\u00ed tvo\u0159ivost \u017e\u00e1k\u016f i mimo hodiny v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vlastn\u00ed tvorba abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e budouc\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed expresi u d\u011bt\u00ed, abstrakce jim poskytuje um\u011bleckou svobodu k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch technik, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v\u00fdvoji koordinace ruky a oka i jemn\u00e9 motoriky, podporuje chu\u0165 experimentovat s barvami bez obav \u010di stresu, \u017ee jejich v\u00fdtvor mus\u00ed n\u011bco &#8222;p\u0159ipom\u00ednat&#8220;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abstraktn\u00ed tvorba zapoj\u00ed do d\u011bn\u00ed v hodin\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka bez obav z kone\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku &#8211; zjist\u00edte, \u017ee i v hodin\u00e1ch s n\u00e1ctilet\u00fdmi, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou velice \u00fazkostliv\u00ed ohledn\u011b vlastn\u00ed tvorby a sebekritiky a mnohdy preferuj\u00ed nenamalovat nic, ne\u017e aby se ztrapnili, je p\u0159i tvorb\u011b abstrakce daleko ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hladina stresu.&nbsp; Dokonce se u n\u00ed bav\u00ed! V abstraktn\u00edm um\u011bn\u00ed neexistuje spr\u00e1vn\u011b a \u0161patn\u011b, co\u017e se t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed sami nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 schopnosti, zd\u00e1 osvobozuj\u00edc\u00ed. Abstrakce toti\u017e potvrzuje r\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee um\u011bn\u00ed je pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho a um\u011blec je v ka\u017ed\u00e9m z n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abstraktn\u00ed malba nemus\u00ed pat\u0159it jen do um\u011bleck\u00fdch \u0161kol \u010di z\u00e1jmov\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f, nemus\u00edme ji u\u010dit a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy se k n\u00ed prokou\u0161eme po hodin\u00e1ch a hodin\u00e1ch v\u00fdklad\u016f d\u011bjin um\u011bn\u00ed na pomysln\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 lince za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed prav\u011bkem, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed velk\u00e9 renesan\u010dn\u00ed mistry a kon\u010d\u00edc\u00ed Picassem a Kandinskim. I kdy\u017e je pravdou, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd modern\u00ed mistr uzn\u00e1van\u00fd pro svou abstraktn\u00ed tvorbu k n\u00ed do\u0161el v\u00fdvojem od tvorby realistick\u00e9, experimentov\u00e1n\u00edm, pokusy a omyly, l\u00e9ty sna\u017een\u00ed se; a za zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nahodil\u00fdmi a neur\u010dit\u00fdmi tvary jeho d\u00edla b\u00fdv\u00e1 hluboce promy\u0161len\u00e1 kompozice, pro\u017eitek i siln\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, my ale nechceme abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed d\u011btem p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat a vysv\u011btlovat jako cosi, k \u010demu mus\u00ed doj\u00edt stejn\u00fdm procesem, ani je nutit p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o tom, co cht\u011bl um\u011blec sv\u00fdmi obrazy a sochami \u0159\u00edci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed je jako zp\u011bv pt\u00e1k\u016f: m\u016f\u017ee se n\u00e1m l\u00edbit, m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1s \u0161tv\u00e1t, ale nikdy mu nebudeme rozum\u011bt. Pravdou je, \u017ee existuje pro pot\u011bchu oka a proto, aby budilo emoce, nebo proto, aby je pomohlo vyj\u00e1d\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co chceme, aby se na\u0161i \u017e\u00e1ci z abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed nau\u010dili, je tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed a hrav\u00fd proces jeho vzniku. Aby pochopili, \u017ee um\u011blec, kter\u00fd namaloval tu kytaru rozlo\u017eenou na des\u00edtky \u00fahl\u016f a fragment\u016f \u010di obli\u010dej se t\u0159emi nosy, nebo ten druh\u00fd, kter\u00fd pob\u00edhal kolem pl\u00e1tna a vyl\u00e9val na n\u011bj barvu z plechovek, nebo ten t\u0159et\u00ed, co prost\u011b vyst\u0159ihoval barevn\u00e9 pap\u00edrky a aran\u017eoval je a lepil&#8230; tak ten velk\u00fd mistr se tehdy p\u0159i tvorb\u011b bavil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hr\u00e1l si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na\u0161el zp\u016fsob, jak vyb\u00edt svou energii tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, a nikdo dal\u0161\u00ed, kdo bude st\u00e1t u jeho d\u00edla, nem\u016f\u017ee ani tu\u0161it, co v\u0161e se d\u011blo v ateli\u00e9ru i v jeho du\u0161i, kdy\u017e jej tvo\u0159il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed oce\u0148ujeme a zkoum\u00e1me ka\u017edou linii a ka\u017edou barvu jen pro v\u00fdznam j\u00ed samotn\u00e9, ne jako sou\u010d\u00e1st z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed \u010di krajiny. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 linie m\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech r\u016fznou vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed energii, m\u00edsto zlat\u00e9ho \u0159ezu se na\u0161e oko soust\u0159ed\u00ed na nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00e1kance barev \u010di k\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u010dar; nebo na vjem prapodivn\u00fdch tvar\u016f, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s zaujmou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A na to se p\u0159i pohledu na abstraktn\u00ed obraz \u010di d\u00edlo samotn\u00e9ho \u0161kol\u00e1\u010dka pt\u00e1me: co n\u00e1s na tom cel\u00e9m zaujalo nejv\u00edc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipy do praxe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I velmi mal\u00e9 d\u011bti dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pochopit, \u017ee emoce se d\u00e1 vyvolat i vyj\u00e1d\u0159it barvou a tvarem. B\u011bhem tvorby je m\u016f\u017eeme zpo\u010d\u00e1tku i omezit t\u00edm, \u017ee jim d\u00e1me jen z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pigmenty: \u010dervenou, \u017elutou a modrou &#8211; a b\u011bhem tv\u016fr\u010d\u00edho procesu je nau\u010d\u00edme m\u00edchat sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed (druhotn\u00e9\/dopl\u0148kov\u00e9) barvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly pro tvorbu abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed u\u017e s nejmen\u0161\u00edmi d\u011btmi doporu\u010duji n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: voskov\u00e9 pastely\/crayons (v kombinaci s vodov\u00fdmi barvami a jejich odpudivost\u00ed vody dos\u00e1hnete \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f), anilinov\u00e9 barvy (mluv\u00edme o novodob\u00e9 n\u00e1hra\u017ece anilinov\u00fdch barev, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 jejich z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00e9 odst\u00edny, ale nen\u00ed jedovat\u00e1!), akvarelov\u00e9 pastely (vodou rozmyvateln\u00e9 pastelky), barevn\u00e9 k\u0159\u00eddy, olejov\u00e9 pastely, tempery, tu\u0161e, inkoust (pro rozm\u00fdvanou kresbu a linie), fixy, kombinace tekut\u00fdch lepidel a barev a p\u00edsku (i pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed lini\u00ed na obraze \u010di malbu lepidlem a jej\u00ed posyp p\u00edskem), barevn\u00e9 mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 lep\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e1sky (pro vymezen\u00ed lini\u00ed na obr\u00e1zc\u00edch batolat), d\u00e1le ve\u0161ker\u00e9 barevn\u00e9 pap\u00edry (i jejich nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u00fast\u0159i\u017eky, kter\u00e9 si schov\u00e1vejte do krabice: p\u0159i tvorb\u011b kol\u00e1\u017e\u00ed podle Matisse jako byste je na\u0161li!), hedv\u00e1bn\u00fd pap\u00edr (navlh\u010den\u00fd lepidlem se d\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edt pro fantastick\u00e9 kol\u00e1\u017ee a je tvarovateln\u00fd na rozd\u00edl od klasick\u00fdch barevn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f), krepov\u00fd pap\u00edr; u nejmen\u0161\u00edch tv\u016frc\u016f pak doporu\u010duji barvit vodu, se kterou si hraj\u00ed, potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi barvami (v\u00edme, kde v\u0161ude b\u011bhem z\u00e1palu skon\u010d\u00ed jejich prst\u00edky).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A co doporu\u010den\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro malbu? Co zkusit experimentovat s n\u00e1stroji, kter\u00e9 zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 stopy a podpo\u0159\u00ed chu\u0165 zkoumat d\u00e1le? Star\u00e9 zubn\u00ed kart\u00e1\u010dky, houby, raz\u00edtka, vlastn\u00ed ruce a prsty, raz\u00edtka vykr\u00e1jen\u00e1 z brambor, jablek, \u010di dokonce jen z ohryzku, na kter\u00e9m je vid\u011bt otvory po j\u00e1drech, star\u00e9 h\u0159ebeny, kter\u00fdmi p\u0159ejedeme siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvu barvy; vypl\u00e1chnut\u00e9 plastov\u00e9 tuby od barev na vlasy, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme ma\u010dkat a nan\u00e1\u0161et tak barvu c\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00edm \u010di kap\u00e1n\u00edm z d\u00e1lky; m\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt otisky \u010di frot\u00e1\u017ee b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f jako minc\u00ed, prsten\u016f; m\u016f\u017eeme na pap\u00edr zcela n\u00e1hodn\u011b um\u00edstit p\u0159\u00edzi a d\u011bti mohou zkusit obkreslit jej\u00ed linii; m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159\u00edzi p\u0159ilepit a pou\u017e\u00edt ji jako linii jejich malby vodov\u00fdmi barvami; m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159\u00edzi namo\u010dit v barv\u00e1ch a popotahov\u00e1n\u00edm po pap\u00edru tak tvo\u0159it obraz jej\u00edmi otisky; br\u010dka k rozfouk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vodov\u00e9 barvy; r\u016fzn\u00e9 omyvateln\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje vhodn\u00e9 pro tisk: lego, kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9 n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed, kel\u00edmky; a sklen\u011bnky, nesm\u00edme zapomenout na malbu sklen\u011bnkami, kterou si doopravdy u\u017eije ka\u017ed\u00fd!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nesm\u00edte zapomenout na vhodn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky a pracovn\u00ed od\u011bvy (star\u00e1 trika, sand\u00e1lky, ochrann\u00fd od\u011bv vytvo\u0159en\u00fd prost\u0159i\u017een\u00edm otvoru pro hlavu a ruce ve velk\u00e9m pytli na odpadky &#8211; ano, n\u011bkter\u00e9 techniky ak\u010dn\u00ed malby se mohou vymknout z rukou), noviny na podlahu, podlo\u017eky na stoly a lavice a pro malbu sklen\u011bnkami i kart\u00f3nov\u00e9 krabice \u010di jejich v\u00edka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/metodik.kvcso.cz\/storage\/obrazky\/abstraktni_malba\/doodle1a.jpg\" alt=\"Abstraktn\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tak\u017ee, jak tedy doopravdy za\u010dneme?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>U\u010ditel m\u016f\u017ee \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm vysv\u011btlit, \u017ee ne ka\u017ed\u00fd obraz mus\u00ed ukazovat opravdovou, na kterou si m\u016f\u017eeme s\u00e1hnout, v\u011bc jako je pes, strom, jablko \u010di d\u016fm. N\u011bkter\u00e9 obrazy ukazuj\u00ed to, co neuchop\u00edme: vzpom\u00ednku, emoci, pocit nebo vjem; v\u011bci jako chlad, strach, radost \u010di sen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle v\u011bku \u017e\u00e1k\u016f se jich i m\u016f\u017eeme optat, co kter\u00e9 barvy znamenaj\u00ed pro n\u011b? Jako p\u0159\u00edklad t\u0159eba \u010derven\u00e1: pro n\u011bkoho teplo, ohe\u0148, pro jin\u00e9ho jablko, hn\u011bv, slunce na ve\u010der, st\u0159echa domu; modr\u00e1: obloha, mo\u0159e, pr\u00e1zdniny, sv\u011b\u017eest, chlad, l\u00e9to; a co takov\u00e1 klikat\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ra? Cikcak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt poho\u0159\u00ed v d\u00e1lce nebo krokod\u00fdl\u00ed h\u0159bet, ledovec, pila, opakov\u00e1n\u00ed se n\u011b\u010deho; vlna m\u016f\u017ee znamenat vodu, pohyb, vlny, klid; spir\u00e1la je uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed a hrav\u00e1, p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00edr na vod\u011b, uti\u0161uje mysl, i kdy\u017e ji malujeme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u011bti ov\u0161em v \u00favodu pr\u00e1ce nemus\u00ed m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dnou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159edstavu &#8211; jejich abstraktn\u00ed d\u00edlo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zcela n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 a vzniknout v z\u00e1vislosti na n\u00e1hodn\u00e9m \u010dm\u00e1r\u00e1n\u00ed si po pap\u00ed\u0159e, jak\u00e9ho jsou schopni i b\u011bhem v\u00fdkladu v jin\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011btech. Ano, p\u0159esn\u011b ty \u010dm\u00e1ranice, za kter\u00e9 je peskuj\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 d\u011bjepisu a matematiky, mluv\u00edm o um\u011bn\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9m na tzv. \u201edoodles&#8220; &#8211; automatick\u00fdch kresb\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 udr\u017euj\u00ed na\u0161i mysl bd\u011blou ve chv\u00edli, kdy by jinak vklouzla do denn\u00edho sn\u011bn\u00ed a ztratila pozornost; \u010dm\u00e1ranice pom\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00ed osob\u011b myslet \u010di cvi\u010dit pam\u011b\u0165. Linie a vznikl\u00e9 plochy t\u011bchto obr\u00e1zk\u016f se daj\u00ed vyplnit barvami v pr\u016fb\u011bhu toho na nich tak nau\u010dit barevn\u00e1 kompozice i dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 barvy. Pokud osnova \u201edoodle&#8220; vznikne voskov\u00fdm pastelem, d\u00e1 se vybarvit vodov\u00fdmi barvami. Nebo z nich lze vytvo\u0159it tzv. \u201ezentangle\u201c &#8211; nov\u00fd druh relaxace a tvorby zalo\u017een\u00fd sp\u00ed\u0161e na ornament\u00e1ln\u00ed kresb\u011b a n\u00e1cviku rytmu, vhodn\u00fd sp\u00ed\u0161e pro star\u0161\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ky &#8211; pro tu doporu\u010duji tu\u0161 a perokresbu nebo tu\u017eku \u010di fixy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde jsou uk\u00e1zky obou mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.doodleboat.org\/archive\/Abstract-drawing-by-a-girl-aged-10-Kingston-jamaica\/image\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.doodleboat.org\/archive\/Abstract-drawing-by-a-girl-aged-10-Kingston-jamaica\/image<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/rlv.zcache.co.nz\/kids_abstract_art_rainbow_fish_in_colorful_sea_poster-rbf99d719c4bb41f3881ed049749e284f_w2q_8byvr_324.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/rlv.zcache.co.nz\/kids_abstract_art_rainbow_fish_in_colorful_sea_poster-rbf99d719c4bb41f3881ed049749e284f_w2q_8byvr_324.jpg<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/fc05.deviantart.net\/fs71\/f\/2014\/090\/2\/5\/easy_doodle_pattern_design_by_piccandle-d7cdmm9.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/fc05.deviantart.net\/fs71\/f\/2014\/090\/2\/5\/easy_doodle_pattern_design_by_piccandle-d7cdmm9.jpg<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.universeastext.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/abstract1-e1399930496975.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.universeastext.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/abstract1-e1399930496975.jpg<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com\/236x\/a6\/11\/0f\/a6110faec7ac1b9203da374ac7d39d33.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com\/236x\/a6\/11\/0f\/a6110faec7ac1b9203da374ac7d39d33.jpg<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/rfplkids.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/01\/zentangle.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/rfplkids.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/01\/zentangle.jpg<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/fc09.deviantart.net\/fs71\/i\/2013\/115\/8\/0\/colorful_abstract_doodle_by_snowfirelight-d5qurte.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/fc09.deviantart.net\/fs71\/i\/2013\/115\/8\/0\/colorful_abstract_doodle_by_snowfirelight-d5qurte.jpg<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V z\u00e1vislosti na v\u011bku \u017e\u00e1k\u016f jim lze uk\u00e1zat abstraktn\u00ed obrazy od Picassa, Klee, Kandinsk\u00e9ho, Pollocka. Navrhuji se jich optat, kter\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ukazovan\u00e9ho obrazu p\u0159itahuje jejich pohled, pro\u010d a jak? Jsou barvy tepl\u00e9 nebo studen\u00e9? Bled\u00e9 \u010di tmav\u00e9? Jsou linie \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9, agresivn\u00ed, zubat\u00e9; nebo jsou hladk\u00e9 a zaoblen\u00e9? P\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed tvary n\u011bco? Vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed barvy pocit nebo n\u00e1ladu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ot\u00e1zky p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00edme v\u011bku \u017e\u00e1k\u016f &#8211; a ve chv\u00edli, kdy je jejich prvn\u00ed abstraktn\u00ed malba hotov\u00e1, opt\u00e1me se naprosto stejn\u011b na jejich vlastn\u00ed tvorbu. I na to, zda by n\u011bjakou \u010d\u00e1st obr\u00e1zku ud\u011blali jinak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Autorka: So\u0148a Moravcov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vlastn\u00ed tvorba abstraktn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed v ran\u00e9m v\u011bku otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e budouc\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed expresi u d\u011bt\u00ed, abstrakce jim poskytuje um\u011bleckou svobodu k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch technik, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v\u00fdvoji koordinace ruky a oka i jemn\u00e9 motoriky, podporuje chu\u0165 experimentovat s barvami bez obav \u010di stresu, \u017ee jejich v\u00fdtvor mus\u00ed n\u011bco &#8222;p\u0159ipom\u00ednat&#8220;. Hodina v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy skon\u010dila, ale Vashti d\u00e1l&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sekce-vychov","tag-vytvarna-vychova"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=184"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":186,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions\/186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}