{"id":138,"date":"2013-06-17T13:49:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T11:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/public.kvcso.cz\/?p=138"},"modified":"2020-03-29T13:51:36","modified_gmt":"2020-03-29T11:51:36","slug":"kancelar-nejenom-pro-biology-alternativni-vyuziti-kancelarskeho-software","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/?p=138","title":{"rendered":"Kancel\u00e1\u0159 nejenom pro biology (alternativn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho software)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

DUM \u2013 zkratka, kter\u00e1 se stala no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016frou mnoh\u00e9ho u\u010ditele. A ur\u010dit\u011b nebudu daleko od pravdy, kdy\u017e si toto tvrzen\u00ed dovol\u00edm vzt\u00e1hnout krom\u011b biologie i na dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro \u010d\u00e1st pedagog\u016f znamenaly „\u0161ablony“ pouze zbyte\u010dn\u00fd \u010das z nutnosti prosezen\u00fd u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ale douf\u00e1m, \u017ee alespo\u0148 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se i trochu pobavili. St\u00e1lo to za to? Kolikr\u00e1t jsme si polo\u017eili takovou (nebo velmi podobnou) ot\u00e1zku. J\u00e1 si za sebe a celou na\u0161i \u0161koln\u00ed biologickou sekci troufnu odpov\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u011b ano. D\u00edky \u0161ablon\u00e1m byla na\u0161e laborato\u0159 obohacena o nov\u00e9 mikroskopy (a to jsme si je dokonce mohli i vybrat!). Sice jsme museli ustoupit od dal\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f o obnov\u011b laborato\u0159e, n\u00e1kupu dataprojektoru, USB objektivu a dal\u0161\u00edch drobnost\u00ed, ale i tak st\u00e1le na sv\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed trv\u00e1m. J\u00e1 v\u016fbec nech\u00e1pu, pro\u010d ostatn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed pedagogov\u00e9 po\u017eaduj\u00ed n\u011bco i pro sv\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, kdy\u017e biologie je p\u0159ece t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nejlep\u0161\u00ed (na stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni ov\u0161em stoj\u00ed i druh\u00fd m\u016fj mil\u00e1\u010dek a to je chemie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jen si tak pokl\u00e1d\u00e1m ot\u00e1zku, co bude s tou spoustou \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdch n\u00e1pad\u016f, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce spat\u0159ily sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta?<\/em> P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s napadlo n\u011bco dokonal\u00e9ho, co bude i nad\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edvat a je \u0161koda, \u017ee tyto n\u00e1pady v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u016fstanou uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00e9 v prostoru na\u0161ich \u0161koln\u00edch server\u016f. Nebo snad pat\u0159\u00edte k t\u011bm nad\u0161enc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se prob\u00edraj\u00ed horou vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch DUM\u016f na r\u016fzn\u00fdch specializovan\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch? \u010ci dokonce proch\u00e1z\u00edte internetov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky \u0161kol, prohled\u00e1v\u00e1te odkazy sv\u00fdch aprobac\u00ed a douf\u00e1te, \u017ee naraz\u00edte na poklad, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s uchv\u00e1t\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto vyu\u017eiji mo\u017enost, kter\u00e1 se naskytla, a uk\u00e1\u017eu v\u00e1m n\u011bkolik vlastn\u00edch n\u00e1pad\u016f, jak probudit d\u011bti, trochu se vy\u0159\u00e1dit b\u011bhem hodin a o\u017eivit zab\u011bhnut\u00e9 v\u00fdklady. P\u0159izn\u00e1m se hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku, \u017ee i kdy\u017e jsou aplikace pro interaktivn\u00ed tabuli a podobn\u00e9 vymo\u017eenosti velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, d\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0159ednost \u00fapln\u011b oby\u010dejn\u00fdm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm program\u016fm. Nen\u00ed nic hor\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e kdy\u017e v\u011bnujete n\u011bkolik hodin p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b, vytvo\u0159\u00edte bezvadnou v\u011bc, kterou ov\u0161em m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt pouze v omezen\u00e9m po\u010dtu u\u010deben. Nej\u010dast\u011bji je jedna na \u0161kole a tam se zrovna chyst\u00e1 i kolega. Tak proto pracuji s kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi programy a v\u011bt\u0161inou vytvo\u0159\u00edm velmi podobn\u00fd v\u00fdstup jako z aplikace, ve kter\u00e9 se vyzn\u00e1m pouze orienta\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naprosto jednodu\u0161e lze t\u0159eba vytvo\u0159it zakryt\u00fd obr\u00e1zek. Ten, kter\u00fd po spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi na ot\u00e1zku postupn\u011b odkr\u00fdv\u00e1m, a \u017e\u00e1ci pozn\u00e1vaj\u00ed maskovan\u00fd organismus. Sta\u010d\u00ed k tomu oby\u010dejn\u00fd MS Word<\/em>. Postup je jednoduch\u00fd: vybran\u00fd obr\u00e1zek sta\u010d\u00ed vlo\u017eit na plochu a p\u0159izp\u016fsobit velikost. Pot\u00e9 se pomoc\u00ed kresby na spodn\u00ed li\u0161t\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed automatick\u00fdm tvarem obd\u00e9ln\u00edk (m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i \u010dtverec, to z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na odhadu a \u0161ikovnosti). Ten lze libovoln\u011b nakop\u00edrovat a rozm\u00edstit p\u0159es obr\u00e1zek. \u010c\u00edslo lze na obd\u00e9ln\u00edk vlo\u017eit jako textov\u00e9 pole. A je hotovo. Odkr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi jednoduch\u00e9: ozna\u010den\u00edm libovoln\u00e9ho \u010dtverce a vymaz\u00e1n\u00edm. Nebo jej m\u016f\u017eete odsunout na hrom\u00e1dku mimo obr\u00e1zek. Jedin\u00e9 \u00faskal\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tento postup obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed, je nutnost neukl\u00e1dat<\/em> po odkryt\u00ed zm\u011bny a nebo m\u00edt rad\u011bji p\u016fvodn\u00ed verzi v z\u00e1loze. Jinak se \u010dtvere\u010dkuje od za\u010d\u00e1tku. A\u017e budete tvo\u0159it t\u0159et\u00ed podobn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek, zjist\u00edte, \u017ee je to ot\u00e1zka pr\u00e1ce na p\u016fl hodinky (v\u010detn\u011b ot\u00e1zek).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Muchom\u016frka\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1te postar\u00e1no o program na celou hodinu. Kr\u00e1sn\u011b zopakujete a je\u0161t\u011b se d\u011bti pobav\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 o\u017eiven\u00ed hodin je mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it s pomoc\u00ed aplikace Google Docs<\/em> a velmi podobn\u011b funguj\u00ed i programy OpenOffice\/LibreOffice<\/em>. Pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd vstup do hodiny (z pohledu aktivizace i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch otrav\u016f) se mi povedlo poskl\u00e1dat s vyu\u017eit\u00edm aplikace N\u00e1kres (Google Docs) resp. Kresba (OpenOffice). Jde o rozkouskovan\u00fd obr\u00e1zek, kter\u00fd d\u011bti skl\u00e1daj\u00ed dohromady \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u011blo hmyzu. Tady si nav\u00edc \u017e\u00e1ci mus\u00ed vyhr\u00e1t s kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00edm a ur\u010den\u00edm p\u0159esn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu kon\u010detin a k\u0159\u00eddel. Podobn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek m\u00e1m p\u0159ipraven\u00fd i pro dal\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9mata \u2013 nap\u0159. stavba mikroskopu, kdy d\u00edky vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b automatick\u00fdch tvar\u016f je postup p\u0159\u00edpravy velmi jednoduch\u00fd. Alternetivou je pom\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed organism\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 p\u0159eskl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fatvar\u016f do ur\u010dit\u00fdch struktur (nap\u0159. org\u00e1n\u016f k jednotliv\u00fdm soustav\u00e1m nebo organel do bun\u011bk) apod. Op\u011bt je t\u0159eba, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b OpenOffice, myslet na neukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 nebo z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed verze. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Google Docs je mo\u017en\u00e9 se kdykoliv vr\u00e1tit k ur\u010dit\u00e9 verzi p\u0159ipraven\u00e9ho sch\u00e9matu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"T\u011blo<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed verze \u2013 t\u011blo hmyzu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"T\u011blo<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u011blo hmyzu po slo\u017een\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bohu\u017eel tento postup nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt v programu MS Malov\u00e1n\u00ed. V t\u00e9to aplikaci se \u010d\u00e1sti skl\u00e1da\u010dky toti\u017e nechovaj\u00ed jako jednotliv\u00e9 libovoln\u011b p\u0159em\u00edstiteln\u00e9 d\u00edly, ale jako celistv\u00e1 nerozli\u0161iteln\u00e1 kresba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nakonec bych cht\u011bla zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017eete po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u0161e p\u016fjde hned, jednodu\u0161e a vlastn\u011b samo. I tyto b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 programy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed trochu praxe. V\u00edm, \u017ee biologov\u00e9 jsou neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b \u0161ikovn\u00ed (a v pedagogick\u00e9 praxi samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nejenom oni) a mohu jenom doufat, \u017ee sv\u00e9 pokusy nep\u0159eru\u0161\u00edte po prvn\u00edm ne\u00fasp\u011bchu nebo z\u00e1drhelu. J\u00e1 jsem toho z\u00e1\u0159n\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Teprve p\u0159i psan\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku jsem zjistila, \u017ee je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 ulo\u017eit obr\u00e1zky z aplikace Google Docs a pou\u017e\u00edt je v jin\u00e9m programu. A to pros\u00edm po t\u0159ech letech b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto aplikac\u00ed nejenom mezi kolegy, ale i mezi studenty. Dosud jsem postupovala syst\u00e9mem cesta Karlovy Vary\u00a0–\u00a0Praha s p\u0159estupem v Ostrav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autorka: Kate\u0159ina Ledvinov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DUM \u2013 zkratka, kter\u00e1 se stala no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016frou mnoh\u00e9ho u\u010ditele. A ur\u010dit\u011b nebudu daleko od pravdy, kdy\u017e si toto tvrzen\u00ed dovol\u00edm vzt\u00e1hnout krom\u011b biologie i na dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty. Pro \u010d\u00e1st pedagog\u016f znamenaly „\u0161ablony“ pouze zbyte\u010dn\u00fd \u010das z nutnosti prosezen\u00fd u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ale douf\u00e1m, \u017ee alespo\u0148 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se i trochu pobavili. St\u00e1lo to za to? Kolikr\u00e1t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,8],"tags":[39,15,40],"class_list":["post-138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sekce-ict","category-sekce-prirodovedna","tag-biologie","tag-ict","tag-prirodopis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=138"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":139,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions\/139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}