{"id":136,"date":"2013-04-25T13:44:00","date_gmt":"2013-04-25T11:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/public.kvcso.cz\/?p=136"},"modified":"2020-03-29T13:47:47","modified_gmt":"2020-03-29T11:47:47","slug":"zkusenost-s-programem-chemsketch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/?p=136","title":{"rendered":"Zku\u0161enost s programem ChemSketch"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bude to ji\u017e osm let, co jsem poprv\u00e9 narazila na grafick\u00fd program ChemSketch, kter\u00fd je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro chemiky, ale obsahuje i zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro v\u00fduku biologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Technologie. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Notebooky. Mobiln\u00ed telefony. Tablety. \u00dato\u010d\u00ed ze v\u0161ech stran a podb\u00edzej\u00ed se, cpou se n\u00e1m do soukrom\u00ed, okr\u00e1daj\u00ed n\u00e1s o \u017e\u00e1ky (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o jejich \u010das) a \u010dasto vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00ed nad na\u0161\u00ed trp\u011blivost\u00ed. A p\u0159esto je mus\u00edme vyu\u017e\u00edvat. Digitalizaci nezastav\u00edme. Nem\u016f\u017eeme ji ignorovat, ale m\u016f\u017eeme ji vyu\u017e\u00edt ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch. A mohou na tom z\u00edskat nejenom \u017e\u00e1ci, ale i my, pedagogov\u00e9. Dnes je v ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u0161kole rozhodn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e jeden po\u010d\u00edta\u010d se slu\u0161n\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem, st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji je k dispozici tak\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a dataprojektor ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. Jak vyu\u017e\u00edt tyto technologie v dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u00fduce? Pokud se u\u010ditel tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na monitor jako na vet\u0159elce, kter\u00fd mu zab\u00edr\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed prostor, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed si \u0161patn\u011b p\u0159ekonatelnou bari\u00e9ru sm\u011brem k \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm. Rozhodn\u011b s d\u011btmi ve vyu\u017eit\u00ed technologi\u00ed nedok\u00e1\u017eeme dr\u017eet krok \u2013 u\u017e jenom kv\u016fli rychlosti vzniku jej\u00edch nov\u00fdch verz\u00ed a mno\u017estv\u00ed r\u016fznorod\u00fdch „vychyt\u00e1vek“, se kter\u00fdmi se \u017e\u00e1ci i studenti u\u010d\u00ed zach\u00e1zet p\u0159\u00edmo nev\u00eddanou rychlost\u00ed. K\u00e9\u017e by jim \u0161la stejn\u011b i prob\u00edran\u00e1 l\u00e1tka! O to v\u00edce si na \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku obdivu m\u016f\u017eeme polep\u0161it pouhou uk\u00e1zkou n\u011b\u010deho nov\u00e9ho a ne\u010dekan\u00e9ho (mimochodem, pedagogov\u00e9 klesaj\u00ed po stupn\u00edch tohoto fiktivn\u00edho \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku nep\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u011b k v\u011bku hodnotitel\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Cyklohexan\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cyklohexan<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bude to ji\u017e osm let, co jsem poprv\u00e9 narazila na grafick\u00fd program ChemSketch. Jak samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev napov\u00edd\u00e1, program je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro chemiky, ale obsahuje i zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro v\u00fduku biologie. Pro n\u00e1s, pedagogy, a ostatn\u011b i \u0161koln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je nespornou v\u00fdhodou existence bezplatn\u00e9 a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm voln\u011b sta\u017eiteln\u00e9 verze tohoto programu, kter\u00e1 naprosto dosta\u010duje a i mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b p\u0159evy\u0161uje mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed ve v\u00fduce. A tak\u00e9, \u017ee ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed je jednoduch\u00e9, naprosto sta\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti pr\u00e1ce s b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi programy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co tedy zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd program um\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Naprosto bezprobl\u00e9mov\u011b s n\u00edm nakresl\u00edte libovolnou sebeslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed molekulu organick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky (v\u010detn\u011b \u00faseku polysacharidu, proteinu nebo DNA), um\u00ed zobrazit chemick\u00e9 reakce, p\u0159i tro\u0161e cviku lze zachytit strukturu anorganick\u00fdch molekul a nav\u00edc v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1stice lze d\u00edky obsa\u017een\u00e9mu p\u0159evad\u011b\u010di zobrazit ve 3D verzi a prohl\u00e9dnout z libovoln\u00e9ho pohledu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Rovnice<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Rovnice vzniku malt\u00f3zy<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Kyselina<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kyselina s\u00edrov\u00e1 v 3D modelu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Te\u010f u\u017e se mnoho chemik\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 bou\u0159it. M\u00e1me p\u0159ece star\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 modely a stavebnice, pro\u010d tedy zab\u00edjet drahocenn\u00fd \u010das u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a u\u010dit se n\u011bco slo\u017eit\u00e9ho? A te\u010f to zkusme probrat z jin\u00e9ho pohledu \u2013 opravdu je na\u0161e \u0161kola vybavena t\u00edmto materi\u00e1lem na takov\u00e9 \u00farovni, \u017ee je \u0161iroce pou\u017eiteln\u00fd ve v\u0161ech oblastech chemie? Vr\u00e1t\u00ed se po ka\u017ed\u00e9 hodin\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00fd materi\u00e1l ve stejn\u00e9 podob\u011b, jak byl vyd\u00e1n? Moje zku\u0161enost hovo\u0159\u00ed trochu jinak. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed stavebnice ji poka\u017ed\u00e9 ochud\u00ed o n\u011bjak\u00fd ten d\u00edlek (j\u00e9, j\u00e1 jsem zlomila uhl\u00edk; pan\u00ed u\u010ditelko, tady to nejde vyndat; ono se mi to n\u011bjak samo rozlo\u017eilo) a modely p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed o \u00faseky. J\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad, abych mohla d\u011btem ukazovat orbitaly, sestavila jsem je z plastov\u00fdch velikono\u010dn\u00edch vaj\u00ed\u010dek. Mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e \u00fasm\u011bv, ne\u017e prostorovou p\u0159edstavu o struktu\u0159e elektronov\u00e9ho obalu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Kyseliny<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto rozhodn\u011b nezatracuji tyto v\u00fdukov\u00e9 metody a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bych nedoporu\u010dovala je \u00fapln\u011b vym\u011bnit za ploch\u00fd monitor a prom\u00edtac\u00ed pl\u00e1tno. Ov\u0161em jejich spojen\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout velmi efektivn\u00ed v\u00fdukov\u00e1 metoda. Tak nap\u0159\u00edklad: p\u0159i v\u00fduce uhlovod\u00edk\u016f ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b koluj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i modely sestaven\u00e9 ze sou\u010d\u00e1stek stavebnice. Jeden, cyklohexan, se cestou po lavic\u00edch s\u00e1m (z\u0159ejm\u011b strachy) rozpadne. Nen\u00ed nic jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e zapnout projektor, prom\u00edtnout pomoc\u00ed programu ChemSketch po\u017eadovanou molekulu na pl\u00e1tno, a poprosit \u017e\u00e1ky o jej\u00ed op\u011btovn\u00e9 sestaven\u00ed podle p\u0159edlohy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Kofein\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Kofein<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vzorec a 3D model kofeinu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro z\u00e1jemce o omamn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky m\u00e1m p\u0159ichystan\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakol \u2013 sestavit podle n\u00e1kresu molekulu nikotinu, kofeinu nebo kokainu. A tak je mo\u017en\u00e9 pokra\u010dovat. Nespornou v\u00fdhodou je mo\u017enost pr\u00e1ce s programem na jak\u00e9mkoliv stupni chemick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a student\u016f. A nem\u016f\u017eeme vynechat ani nad\u0161en\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed pro pr\u00e1ci s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovou technikou a technologiemi v\u016fbec. N\u011bkter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky ut\u00e1hneme bez probl\u00e9m\u016f na klasick\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 kouzla, jin\u00ed se v laborato\u0159i budou tv\u00e1\u0159it znud\u011bn\u011b, i kdy\u017e jim budeme p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bt nemysliteln\u00e9. Jin\u00ed jsou zam\u011b\u0159eni na fakta a modern\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, ty snadno nadchneme nanotechnologi\u00ed. \u010c\u00e1st z d\u011bt\u00ed nevid\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e monitor, notebook nebo tablet. Tak jim m\u016f\u017eeme zkusit podsunout chemii do jejich sv\u011bta snadno p\u0159\u00edstupnou metodou a uk\u00e1zat jim, \u017ee nejenom st\u0159\u00edle\u010dky a sk\u00e1ka\u010dky mohou b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmav\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e1 osobn\u011b ji\u017e pracuji s t\u0159et\u00ed verz\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho programu a dosud se setk\u00e1v\u00e1m hlavn\u011b s kladnou odezvou nejenom z \u0159ad koleg\u016f. Je nesm\u00edrn\u011b pot\u011b\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed, kdy\u017e p\u0159ijde t\u011b\u017ece pubert\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k dev\u00e1t\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy, ke kter\u00e9mu marn\u011b hled\u00e1m chemickou cestu t\u0159et\u00edm rokem, aby mi ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee hned druh\u00fd den si ChemSketch st\u00e1hl a ji\u017e t\u00fdden si s t\u00edmto programem hraje. Jako d\u016fkaz p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed arch vyti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho pap\u00edru, kter\u00fd obsahuje jeho n\u011bkolikadenn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci (a j\u00e1 dosud netu\u0161ila, \u017ee tohle ChemSketch um\u00ed). A tak vych\u00e1z\u00edme ze vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho setk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzn\u011b v\u0161ichni \u2013 j\u00e1 se n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho nau\u010dila, \u017e\u00e1k alespo\u0148 na p\u00e1r dn\u00ed vym\u011bnil bezmy\u0161lenkov\u00e9 hry za u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dinnost a ChemSketch z\u00edskal dal\u0161\u00edho nad\u0161en\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele, i kdy\u017e mo\u017en\u00e1 jen na omezenou dobu. Ale i tak si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to za tu trochu pr\u00e1ce stoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Krystalizace\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Titrace\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

A pokud m\u00e1te strach, \u017ee neovl\u00e1d\u00e1te po\u010d\u00edta\u010d dostate\u010dn\u011b? M\u00e1m za sebou ji\u017e n\u011bkolik lektorsk\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed s t\u00edmto programem. V\u011bt\u0161inu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f program zaujal, zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st se s n\u00edm velmi d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b sp\u0159\u00e1telila a za\u010dali jej aktivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat. A troufnu si i \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na v\u011bku a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 praxi. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed a nad\u0161en\u00ed. A to pro chemii m\u00e1me jednozna\u010dn\u011b v\u0161ichni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autorka: Kate\u0159ina Ledvinov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bude to ji\u017e osm let, co jsem poprv\u00e9 narazila na grafick\u00fd program ChemSketch, kter\u00fd je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro chemiky, ale obsahuje i zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro v\u00fduku biologie. Technologie. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Notebooky. Mobiln\u00ed telefony. Tablety. \u00dato\u010d\u00ed ze v\u0161ech stran a podb\u00edzej\u00ed se, cpou se n\u00e1m do soukrom\u00ed, okr\u00e1daj\u00ed n\u00e1s o \u017e\u00e1ky (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o jejich \u010das) a \u010dasto…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,8],"tags":[39,41,42,15],"class_list":["post-136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sekce-ict","category-sekce-prirodovedna","tag-biologie","tag-chemie","tag-chemsketch","tag-ict"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=136"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":137,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136\/revisions\/137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}