{"id":128,"date":"2014-08-26T21:45:00","date_gmt":"2014-08-26T19:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/public.kvcso.cz\/?p=128"},"modified":"2020-03-28T21:48:56","modified_gmt":"2020-03-28T20:48:56","slug":"osova-soumernost-v-programu-malovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/?p=128","title":{"rendered":"Osov\u00e1 soum\u011brnost v programu Malov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>P\u0159i hodin\u00e1ch informatiky lze tak\u00e9 se \u017e\u00e1ky procvi\u010dit u\u010divo matematiky, a to nap\u0159\u00edklad&nbsp;<em>osovou soum\u011brnost<\/em>&nbsp;v programu MALOV\u00c1N\u00cd, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu WINDOWS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nemus\u00edme kupovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd software, vyu\u017eijeme prost\u0159edek, kter\u00fd na \u0161kole m\u00e1me a \u017e\u00e1ci ho znaj\u00ed u\u017e z prvotn\u00edho sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem. Jako u\u010ditelka informatiky a matematiky nab\u00edz\u00edm uk\u00e1zku sv\u00e9ho metodick\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011btu pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto programu, kter\u00fd se mi osv\u011bd\u010dil a hlavn\u011b d\u011bti bav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fduce se klade d\u016fraz na vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed mezip\u0159edm\u011btov\u00fdch vztah\u016f, upev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch informac\u00ed a znalost\u00ed v r\u00e1mci vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zde propoj\u00edme dv\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed oblasti, a to oblast&nbsp;<em>Informa\u010dn\u00ed a komunika\u010dn\u00ed technologie<\/em>&nbsp;s oblast\u00ed&nbsp;<em>Matematika a jej\u00ed aplikace<\/em>, dotkneme se tak\u00e9 dvou tematick\u00fdch celk\u016f. Ze vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed oblasti Informa\u010dn\u00edch a komunika\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed to je tematick\u00fd celek&nbsp;<em>Pr\u00e1ce s informacemi<\/em>, ze vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed oblasti Matematika a jej\u00ed aplikace zase&nbsp;<em>Osov\u00e1 soum\u011brnost<\/em>. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nesm\u00edme zapomenout dal\u0161\u00ed propojenost s p\u0159edm\u011btem, a to v\u00fdtvarnou v\u00fdchovou (pr\u00e1ce s kresbou).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moji \u017e\u00e1ci, a hlavn\u011b v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b i ti m\u00e9n\u011b zdatn\u00ed v matematice nebo naopak informatice \u010di v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchov\u011b, za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed zadan\u00e9ho \u00fakolu pocit \u00fasp\u011bchu, uplatn\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch znalost\u00ed. A to stoj\u00ed za to!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Eduka\u010dn\u00ed c\u00edl<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b rozv\u00edj\u00edme kognitivn\u00ed c\u00edle: \u017e\u00e1ci se u\u010d\u00ed pracovat s textem, zpracovat a pou\u017e\u00edt dan\u00e9 informace a vyu\u017e\u00edt ji\u017e z\u00edskan\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti. V druh\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b podporujeme psychomotorick\u00e9 c\u00edle: \u017e\u00e1ci si procvi\u010d\u00ed dovednost v ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 my\u0161i a kl\u00e1vesnice, spr\u00e1vn\u011b organizovat pracovn\u00ed postup p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme na afektivn\u00ed (postojov\u00e9) c\u00edle: \u017e\u00e1ci rozv\u00edjej\u00ed sv\u00e9 estetick\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed kreslen\u00ed \u010di vybarvov\u00e1n\u00ed stromu, za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch, radost z vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kompetence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kompetence je soubor znalost\u00ed, dovednost\u00ed a postoj\u016f, kter\u00e9 pror\u016fstaj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed oborov\u00e9 znalosti, a tak umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed jejich efektivn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pln\u011bn\u00ed zadan\u00e9ho \u00fakolu rozv\u00edj\u00edme n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence k u\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Vedeme \u017e\u00e1ky k samostatn\u00e9mu objevov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch a komunika\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed v praktick\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. Sm\u011b\u0159ujeme je k vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed s jin\u00fdm softwarem. U\u010d\u00ed se a prohlubuj\u00ed kooperaci s ostatn\u00edmi \u017e\u00e1ky. A hlavn\u011b, co je dle m\u00e9ho d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, t\u00edm, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci mohou vyu\u017e\u00edvat sv\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky p\u0159i praktick\u00fdch \u00fakolech, je u\u010d\u00edme po\u0159izovat si takov\u00e9 z\u00e1pisy, kter\u00e9 jim pak pomohou p\u0159i praktick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci s technikou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Zp\u016fsob zad\u00e1n\u00ed \u00falohy je vede k tvo\u0159iv\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu p\u0159i jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. U\u010d\u00ed se ch\u00e1pat, \u017ee v \u017eivot\u011b se p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s informa\u010dn\u00edmi a komunika\u010dn\u00edmi technologiemi budou \u010dasto setk\u00e1vat s probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed jen jedno spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, ale \u017ee zp\u016fsob\u016f \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je v\u00edce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podporuji netradi\u010dn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, tvo\u0159ivost, samostatnost a logick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1ci jsou vedeni nejen k nal\u00e9z\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 k jeho praktick\u00e9mu proveden\u00ed a dota\u017een\u00ed do konce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence komunikativn\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i komunikaci vedeme \u017e\u00e1ky k dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017eit\u00e9 konvence a pravidla (forma vhodn\u00e1 pro danou technologii, n\u00e1le\u017eitosti apod.), ke kulturn\u00ed \u00farovni komunikace. U\u010d\u00edme \u017e\u00e1ky publikovat a prezentovat sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory a my\u0161lenky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a person\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Vedeme \u017e\u00e1ky ke kolegi\u00e1ln\u00ed rad\u011b \u010di pomoci, u\u010d\u00edme \u017e\u00e1ky pracovat v t\u00fdmu, vedeme je ke spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 organizaci pr\u00e1ce &#8211; rozd\u011blit a napl\u00e1novat si pr\u00e1ci, hl\u00eddat \u010dasov\u00fd harmonogram apod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9, aby um\u011bli hodnotit svou pr\u00e1ci i pr\u00e1ci ostatn\u00edch a byli p\u0159i vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 komunikaci ohledupln\u00ed a taktn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence ob\u010dansk\u00e9<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed vedeme \u017e\u00e1ky ke kritick\u00e9mu my\u0161len\u00ed nad obsahy sd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Kompetence pracovn\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Vy\u017eadujeme respektov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch a hygienick\u00fdch pravidel p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed technikou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyu\u010dovac\u00ed metody a formy pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V r\u00e1mci hodiny uplatn\u00edme hned n\u011bkolik metod a forem pr\u00e1ce:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Metodu slovn\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;hned ve dvou \u00farovn\u00edch \u2013 monologick\u00e9 a dialogick\u00e9. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me t\u00edm, \u017ee pov\u00edd\u00e1me o historii a sou\u010dasnosti informac\u00ed, n\u00e1sleduje rozhovor (diskuze) se \u017e\u00e1ky na t\u00e9ma informace.<\/li><li><strong>Metodu n\u00e1zorn\u011b demonstra\u010dn\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 projekci statickou, kde v\u00fdklad t\u00e9matu prov\u00e1z\u00edme prezentac\u00ed s uk\u00e1zkou pracovn\u00edho postupu.<\/li><li><strong>Metodu dovednostn\u011b praktickou<\/strong>, kde najdou uplatn\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, nebo\u0165 \u017e\u00e1ci vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed obr\u00e1zek stromu.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak je to s hodnocen\u00edm \u017e\u00e1ka?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017eijeme slovn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed, kde se zrcadl\u00ed vlastn\u00ed invence \u017e\u00e1ka, kreativita a aktivn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed. A tak\u00e9 klasifikaci pro hodnocen\u00ed dodr\u017een\u00ed pracovn\u00edho postupu, z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 kreativity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkolik praktick\u00fdch pozn\u00e1mek<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>V\u00fduka prob\u00edh\u00e1 v \u010dasov\u00e9 dotaci dvou vyu\u010dovac\u00edch hodin v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 u\u010debn\u011b. Dodr\u017eujeme tedy \u0159\u00e1d dan\u00e9 u\u010debny a hygienu pr\u00e1ce u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de.<\/li><li>Nesm\u00edme zapomenout na vhodnou motivaci \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Jako v\u017edy je nepostradateln\u00e1.<\/li><li>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdkladu a diskuze zji\u0161\u0165ujeme, jak \u017e\u00e1ci dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hodnotit v\u00fdznam z\u00edskan\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad: \u201eDok\u00e1zali byste pracovat podle zadan\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed? Zad\u00e1n\u00ed se jev\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9, slo\u017eit\u00e9? Co program MALOV\u00c1N\u00cd? Otestujeme se\u2026<\/li><li>Pracovn\u00ed postup za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 motivac\u00ed, diskuz\u00ed, sd\u011blen\u00edm vyu\u010dovac\u00edho c\u00edle, n\u00e1sleduje v\u00fdklad s pomoc\u00ed prezentace. Je\u0161t\u011b stru\u010dn\u011b shrneme popis zadan\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a \u017e\u00e1ci mohou za\u010d\u00edt pracovat na sv\u00e9m \u00fakolu. Dvouhodinov\u00fd proces zakon\u010d\u00edme hodnocen\u00edm a \u00faklidem pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011brem uk\u00e1zka pracovn\u00edho postupu s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dakolem bude vytvo\u0159it v programu MALOV\u00c1N\u00cd obr\u00e1zek stromu podle dan\u00e9ho postupu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Spus\u0165 v PC program MALOV\u00c1N\u00cd.<\/li><li>Ve vlastnostech (CTRL+E) uprav velikost obr\u00e1zku na 20 cm x 20 cm.<\/li><li>V panelu n\u00e1stroj\u016f klikni my\u0161\u00ed na zobrazen\u00ed a za\u0161krtni pol\u00ed\u010dko m\u0159\u00ed\u017eka.<\/li><li>Pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje \u00fase\u010dka namaluj polovinu stromu (obr. 1).<\/li><li>Vyber n\u00e1stroj v\u00fdb\u011br, zvol pr\u016fhledn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br, ozna\u010d polovinu namalovan\u00e9ho stromu a zkop\u00edruj ji. Spoj strom dohromady (obr. 2).<\/li><li>Spojen\u00fd strom vybarvi podle sv\u00e9ho. Pou\u017eij n\u00e1stroj plechovka nebo \u0161t\u011btec.<\/li><li>Ulo\u017e do sv\u00e9 slo\u017eky ve tvaru prijmeni_strom.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><em>&nbsp;Obr. 1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/metodik.kvcso.cz\/storage\/obrazky\/malovani\/malovani1.jpg\" alt=\"Osov\u00e1 soum\u011brnost v Malov\u00e1n\u00ed\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Obr. 2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/metodik.kvcso.cz\/storage\/obrazky\/malovani\/malovani2.jpg\" alt=\"Osov\u00e1 soum\u011brnost v Malov\u00e1n\u00ed\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Obr. 3<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/metodik.kvcso.cz\/storage\/obrazky\/malovani\/malovani3.jpg\" alt=\"Osov\u00e1 soum\u011brnost v Malov\u00e1n\u00ed\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Autorka: Eva Grosmanov\u00e1<\/strong> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159i hodin\u00e1ch informatiky lze tak\u00e9 se \u017e\u00e1ky procvi\u010dit u\u010divo matematiky, a to nap\u0159\u00edklad&nbsp;osovou soum\u011brnost&nbsp;v programu MALOV\u00c1N\u00cd, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu WINDOWS. Nemus\u00edme kupovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd software, vyu\u017eijeme prost\u0159edek, kter\u00fd na \u0161kole m\u00e1me a \u017e\u00e1ci ho znaj\u00ed u\u017e z prvotn\u00edho sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem. Jako u\u010ditelka informatiky a matematiky nab\u00edz\u00edm uk\u00e1zku sv\u00e9ho metodick\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011btu pr\u00e1v\u011b v&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[32,36,33],"class_list":["post-128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sekce-matematiky-a-informatiky","tag-grafika","tag-informaticka-gramotnost","tag-informatika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=128"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128\/revisions\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucitel.kvcso.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}